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The study of the different factors regulating the bioactivity of thyroid hormones is of utmost relevance for an adequate understanding of the glandular pathophysiology. These factors must be considered by the clinician in order to achieve a successful diagnosis and treatment of glandular diseases. Among the factors regulating bioactivity of thyroid hormones are the following: A) the tissue-specific expression of cell membrane hormone transporters that are responsible for the cellular uptake of hormones; B) a set of deiodinating enzymes which activate or inactivate intracellular thyroid hormone, and; C) nuclear receptors which are responsible for the different cellular responses at the transcriptional level. This review compiles, analyzes and discusses the most recent findings regarding the regulation of thyroid hormone bioactivity, as well as the clinical relevance of known polymorphisms and mutations of hormone transporters, deiodinases, and thyroid hormone receptors. In addition, the main issues and areas of present and future study are identified.

Palabras clave: Thyroid hormones thyroid hormone metabolism membrane transport of thyroid hormones Iodothyronine deiodinases thyroid hormone nuclear receptors.

2014-11-10   |   312 visitas   |   Evalua este artículo 0 valoraciones

Vol. 63 Núm.3. Mayo-Junio 2011 Pags. 287-308 Rev Invest Clin 2011; 63(3-ENGLISH)